diff --git a/src/agents/sandbox-skills.e2e.test.ts b/src/agents/sandbox-skills.e2e.test.ts
index 0280c5d52..4612fec96 100644
--- a/src/agents/sandbox-skills.e2e.test.ts
+++ b/src/agents/sandbox-skills.e2e.test.ts
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { OpenClawConfig } from "../config/config.js";
 import { captureFullEnv } from "../test-utils/env.js";
 import { resolveSandboxContext } from "./sandbox.js";
+import { writeSkill } from "./skills.e2e-test-helpers.js";
 
 vi.mock("./sandbox/docker.js", () => ({
   ensureSandboxContainer: vi.fn(async () => "openclaw-sbx-test"),
@@ -18,16 +19,6 @@ vi.mock("./sandbox/prune.js", () => ({
   maybePruneSandboxes: vi.fn(async () => undefined),
 }));
 
-async function writeSkill(params: { dir: string; name: string; description: string }) {
-  const { dir, name, description } = params;
-  await fs.mkdir(dir, { recursive: true });
-  await fs.writeFile(
-    path.join(dir, "SKILL.md"),
-    `---\nname: ${name}\ndescription: ${description}\n---\n\n# ${name}\n`,
-    "utf-8",
-  );
-}
-
 describe("sandbox skill mirroring", () => {
   let envSnapshot: ReturnType<typeof captureFullEnv>;
 
diff --git a/src/agents/skills/bundled-dir.e2e.test.ts b/src/agents/skills/bundled-dir.e2e.test.ts
index 0e500e3aa..2204e04b1 100644
--- a/src/agents/skills/bundled-dir.e2e.test.ts
+++ b/src/agents/skills/bundled-dir.e2e.test.ts
@@ -4,17 +4,9 @@ import path from "node:path";
 import { pathToFileURL } from "node:url";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
 import { captureEnv } from "../../test-utils/env.js";
+import { writeSkill } from "../skills.e2e-test-helpers.js";
 import { resolveBundledSkillsDir } from "./bundled-dir.js";
 
-async function writeSkill(dir: string, name: string) {
-  await fs.mkdir(dir, { recursive: true });
-  await fs.writeFile(
-    path.join(dir, "SKILL.md"),
-    `---\nname: ${name}\ndescription: ${name}\n---\n\n# ${name}\n`,
-    "utf-8",
-  );
-}
-
 describe("resolveBundledSkillsDir", () => {
   let envSnapshot: ReturnType<typeof captureEnv>;
 
@@ -38,7 +30,11 @@ describe("resolveBundledSkillsDir", () => {
     const root = await fs.mkdtemp(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "openclaw-bundled-"));
     await fs.writeFile(path.join(root, "package.json"), JSON.stringify({ name: "openclaw" }));
 
-    await writeSkill(path.join(root, "skills", "peekaboo"), "peekaboo");
+    await writeSkill({
+      dir: path.join(root, "skills", "peekaboo"),
+      name: "peekaboo",
+      description: "peekaboo",
+    });
 
     const distDir = path.join(root, "dist");
     await fs.mkdir(distDir, { recursive: true });