Cloudflare Workflows

Durable multi-step applications with automatic retries, state persistence, and long-running execution.

What It Does

Chain steps with automatic retry logic
Persist state between steps (minutes → weeks)
Handle failures without losing progress
Wait for external events/approvals
Sleep without consuming resources

Available: Free & Paid Workers plans

Core Concepts

Workflow: Class extending WorkflowEntrypoint with run method Instance: Single execution with unique ID & independent state Steps: Independently retriable units via step.do() - API calls, DB queries, AI invocations State: Persisted from step returns; step name = cache key

Quick Start

import { WorkflowEntrypoint, WorkflowStep, WorkflowEvent } from 'cloudflare:workers';

type Env = { MY_WORKFLOW: Workflow; DB: D1Database };
type Params = { userId: string };

export class MyWorkflow extends WorkflowEntrypoint<Env, Params> {
  async run(event: WorkflowEvent<Params>, step: WorkflowStep) {
    const user = await step.do('fetch user', async () => {
      return await this.env.DB.prepare('SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = ?')
        .bind(event.params.userId).first();
    });
    
    await step.sleep('wait 7 days', '7 days');
    
    await step.do('send reminder', async () => {
      await sendEmail(user.email, 'Reminder!');
    });
  }
}

Key Features

Durability: Failed steps don't re-run successful ones
Retries: Configurable backoff (constant/linear/exponential)
Events: waitForEvent() for webhooks/approvals (timeout: 1h → 365d)
Sleep: sleep() / sleepUntil() for scheduling (max 365d)
Parallel: Promise.all() for concurrent steps
Idempotency: Check-then-execute patterns

Reading Order

Getting Started: configuration.md → api.md → patterns.md
Troubleshooting: gotchas.md

In This Reference

configuration.md - wrangler.jsonc setup, step config, bindings
api.md - Step APIs, instance management, sleep/parameters
patterns.md - Common workflows, testing, orchestration
gotchas.md - Timeouts, limits, debugging strategies

README.md